All teachers know about differentiated learning, but what this phrase actually says is that different students want to do different things and what they end up doing is what makes them acquire new information. Thus, if you want your students to learn the most, you should start by thinking that they are different.
The Dreyfus model of skill acquisition states that there are 5 stages that a student could pass through:
1. Novice
--wants to be given a manual, told what to do, with no decisions possible
2. Advanced beginner
--needs a bit of freedom, but is unable to quickly describe a hierarchy of which parts are more important than others
3. Competent
--wants the ability to make plans, create routines and choose among activities
4. Proficient
--the more freedom you offer, the more you expect, the more you'll get
5. Expert
--writes the manual, doesn't follow it.
Although it is hard not to teach to the book or to the curriculum, what should one do is teach to the student in order to get positive feedback.
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